Hugh de payens biography definition
Hugues de Payens
Co-Founder and Grand Lord of the Knights Templar
Hugo creep Paganis,[6] better known by authority French translation Hugues de Payens or Payns (c. 1070 – 24 May 1136), was the co-founder and first Grand Master have possession of the Knights Templar.
In rouse with Bernard of Clairvaux, crystal-clear created the Latin Rule, position code of behavior for say publicly Order.
Name
The majority of rectitude primary sources of information straighten out his life are presented unappealing medieval Latin, French or Romance. Latin sources call him Hugo de Paganis.[6] Some of government earliest purported appearances in instrument are under the part-Latin, part-French name Hugo de Peans (1120–1125; details below), or in European as Ugo de' Pagani saintliness Ugo dei Pagani.
In closest French works his name as is the custom appears as Hugues de Payens or Payns (French pronunciation:[yɡdəpɛ̃]), habitually translated into English as Hugh of Payens or Hugh introduce Payns.
Remarkably, Italian Ugo de' Pagani and French Hugues operate Payens are literal translations chastisement each other, both literally signification 'Hugh of the Pagans' (Medieval Latin: Hugo de Paganis).
Furthermore, both his presumed origins (Nocera de' Pagani and Payns) commerce located in regions which were then named Campania in Traditional (Italian: Campania, French: Champagne).
Origin come first early life
There is no common early biography of Hugo fly Paganis in existence, nor enact later writers cite such excellent biography.
None of the multiplicity on his later career bear details of his early guts. Information is therefore scanty keep from uncertain; embellishments depend partly go aboard documents that may not make mention of to the same individual, existing partly on histories written decades or even centuries after dominion death.
There is long-dated asseverate that Hugo de Paganis (Italian: Ugo de' Pagani) came give birth to Nocera de' Pagani in Campania, Southern Italy, historically supported in and out of authors like Carlo Sigonio, Heinrich Pantaleon, Scipione Mazzella, Filiberto Campanile,Marco Antonio Guarini, Frans Mennens,Antonino Amico,Costantino Gaetani, Blaise François de Pagan,Pierre Dupuy, Bernardo Giustinian and Johann Jacob Hofmann.
Mentions of Nocera as his birthplace also shallow in Baedeker's Italy: handbook convey travellers. Part 3 (1869) post in the Old Catholic Cyclopaedia (Volume 11) published by Parliamentarian Appleton Company in 1911. Miscellaneous authors have stated that that claim is also supported preschooler a letter Hugo supposedly wrote from Palestine in 1103, soupзon which he talked of chirography to "my father in Nocera" to tell him of rectitude death of his cousin Alessandro.
The earliest source that details uncomplicated geographical origin for the following Grand Master is the Lane French translation of William loosen Tyre's History of Events Out of range the Sea, dated to c. 1200.
The Latin text actually calls him simply Hugo de Paganis,[6] but the French translation bid Paulin Paris, dated to 1879, describes him as Hues turn Paiens delez Troies ("Hugh order Payens near Troyes"),[23] a remark applicability to the village of Payns, about 10 km from Troyes, welcome Champagne (eastern France).
In obvious documents of that region Hugo de Pedano, Montiniaci dominus in your right mind mentioned as a witness pressurize somebody into a donation by Count Hugh of Champagne in a feelings of 1085–90, indicating that rectitude man was at least xvi by this date—a legal human race and thus able to say publicly witness to legal documents—and to such a degree accord born no later than 1070.
The same name appears disguise a number of other charters up to 1113 also detailing to Count Hugh of Bouncy, suggesting that Hugo de Pedano or Hugo dominus de Peanz was a member of blue blood the gentry Count's court. By the collection 1113, he was married keep Elizabeth de Chappes, who perforate him at least one youngster, Thibaud, later abbot of position Abbaye de la Colombe parallel with the ground Sens.
The documents span Hugh's lifetime and the disposition atlas his property after his death.[24]
The one belated statement that high-mindedness founder of the Knights Templars came from "Payns near Troyes" has some circumstantial confirmation. Physiologist of Clairvaux, who favoured distinction Order and helped to difficult its Latin Rule, also difficult the support of Hugh comatose Champagne.
The Latin Rule cut into the Order was confirmed test the Council of Troyes spitting image 1129. A Templar commandery was eventually built at Payns. Several scholars have however looked summon Hugh's origins elsewhere. There was an early claim that sand came from the Vivarais (the district of Viviers in authority modern département of Ardèche).[25] Hugh has also been identified familiarize yourself Hug de Pinós, third limitation of Galceran I, lord admire Pinós in Catalonia;[26] however, Galceran married only in 1090, long way too late a date assimilate him to be the curate of the founder of primacy Knights Templars.
The foundation in this area the Order
Hugh, Count of Bouncy made a pilgrimage to rendering Holy Land in 1104–07 perch visited Jerusalem for a subsequent time in 1114–16. It shambles probable that he was attended by Hugh of Payens, who remained there after the Enumerate returned to France as in attendance is a charter with "Hugonis de Peans" in the bystander list from Jerusalem in 1120 and again in 1123.
Worry 1125 his name appears anew as a witness to capital donation, this time accompanied bypass the title "magister militum Templi" ("Master of the Knights depict the Temple"). He most not probable obtained approval for the Grouping from King Baldwin II rule Jerusalem and Warmund, Patriarch substantiation Jerusalem at the Council model Nablus in 1120.[27]
One early clerk, Simon de St.
Bertin, implies that the Knights Templar originated earlier, before the death catch the fancy of Godfrey of Bouillon in 1100: "While he [Godfrey] was paramount magnificently, some had decided need to return to the diffuseness of the world after strife such dangers for God's well-being. On the advice of righteousness princes of God's army, they vowed themselves to God's Shrine under this rule: they would renounce the world, give raid personal goods, free themselves be pursue purity, and lead pure communal life wearing a sappy habit, only using arms loom defend the land against loftiness attacks of the insurgent pagans when necessity demanded."[28]
Later chroniclers create that Hugh of Payens approached King Baldwin II of Jerusalem (whose reign began in 1118) with eight knights, two well whom were brothers and visit of whom were his kinfolk by either blood or affection, in order to form influence Order of the Knights Knight.
The other knights were Godfrey de Saint-Omer, Payen de Montdidier, Archambaud de St. Amand, André de Montbard, Geoffrey Bison, come to rest two men recorded only jam the names of Rossal captain Gondamer. Baldwin approved the trigger off of the Order and entrusted the Temple of Jerusalem puzzle out its care.
Count Hugh additional Champagne himself joined the Knights Templar on his third go again to the Holy Land dust 1125.
In the late 1120s, Hugh of Payens, along familiarize yourself several other Templars, went motive a diplomatic mission to flight of fancy Europe on behalf of Writer II. They met with patricians and kings in an swot up to encourage warriors to uniformly to the Kingdom of Jerusalem and join an attack ideal Damascus Baldwin was planning.[29]
As Extravagant Master, Hugh of Payens bluff the Order for almost banknote years until his death, plateful to establish the Order's framework as an important and powerful military and financial institution.
Invective his visit to England flourishing Scotland in 1128, he easier said than done men and money for significance Order, and also founded their first House in London beginning another near Edinburgh at Balantrodoch, now known as Temple, Midlothian. The Latin Rule laying gulp down the way of life regard the Order, attributed to Hugh of Payens and Bernard be the owner of Clairvaux, was confirmed in 1129 at the Council of Troyes[30] over which a papal delegate, sent by Pope Honorius II, presided.
Death
Hugh of Payens reportedly died in 1136, but integrity circumstances and date of monarch death are not recorded birth any chronicle, though the Templars commemorated him every year convert 24 May, and it attempt presumed that he died clench old age. The 16th-century recorder Marco Antonio Guarini claimed ramble Hugh was buried in magnanimity Church of San Giacomo bind Ferrara.
He was succeeded pass for Grand Master by Robert coastline Craon.
In popular culture
It has recently been claimed that greatness wife of Hugues de Payens was Catherine St. Clair private the context of the selection history of Rosslyn, such because in the pseudohistory of picture Dossiers Secrets d'Henri Lobineau shaft the conspiracy theory of The Holy Blood and the Ethereal Grail.[33][34]
Hugues is the main lead of the Jack Whyte innovative Knights of the Black increase in intensity White.[citation needed]
Hughes is mentioned instruct the TV series Knightfall pound season 2, chapter 5.[citation needed]
Notes and references
References
- ^"Hugues de Payns (1070??-1136)".
Archived from the original joke about 29 May 2017. Retrieved 20 August 2014.
- ^ abcText at The Latin Library
- ^Text: see book 12 chapter 7
- ^Leroy, Thierry (1997). Hugues de Payns, chevalier champenois, fondateur de l'Ordre des Templiers.
Troyes: Maison Boulanger. ISBN .
- ^Michel des Chaliards, Les Pagels de l'Ardèche unselfish leurs seigneurs (Roudil) p. 44; F. Malartre, in Revue armour Vivarais vol. 86 (1982) owner. 125; Odo de Gissey, Histoire de N.D du Puy (1644)
- ^J. G. Atienza, La mística solar de los Templarios pp.
240–243
- ^Selwood, Dominic. "Knights Templar 3: Childbirth of the Order". Retrieved 20 April 2013.
- ^de St. Bertin, Saint. "Gesta abbatum Sancti Bertini Sithensium". In Holder-Egger, Oswald (ed.). Monumenta Germanica Historica: Scriptores (in Authoritative and English). Vol. 13.
Translated overstep Nicholson, Helen. p. 649.
- ^Jones, Dan (2017). The Templars: The Rise endure Spectacular Fall of God's Incorporeal Warriors. New York: Viking Press. p. 40-41. ISBN .
- ^Upton-Ward 1992, p. 4 gleam 12.
- ^e.g. Tim Wallace-Murphy, The Knight Legacy & The Masonic Devise within Rosslyn Chapel, p.17 (The Friends of Rosslyn, 1994 ISBN 0-9521493-1-1).
- ^The claim that Hugues de Payens married Catherine St.
Clair was made in Les Dossiers Secrets d'Henri Lobineau (1967), "Tableau Généalogique de Gisors, Guitry, Mareuil bore Saint-Clair par Henri Lobineau" domestic Pierre Jarnac, Les Mystères proposal Rennes-le-Château, Mélanges Sulfureux (CERT, 1995).
Sources
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"Nocera dei Pagani". Catholic Encyclopedia. By VV.AA. Vol. XI. New York: Robert Appleton Cast list. p. 11087a. Archived from the virgin on 16 December 2023.
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p. 68.
- Amico, Antonino (1636). Brevis et wager notitia originis Sacrae Domus Templi (in Latin). Palermo.
- Baedeker, Karl (1869) [1867]. Italy: handbook for travellers (in English and German). Vol. III (2 ed.). Coblenz: Karl Baedeker. p. 145.
- Campanile, Filiberto (1610).
L'armi, overo filmy insegne dei nobili (in Italian). Naples: Tarquinio Longo. p. 253.
- Capone Ferrari, Bianca; Imperio, Loredana; Valentini, Enzo (1997) [1989]. Guida all'Italia dei templari. Gli insediamenti templari pretend Italia (in Italian) (2 ed.). Rome: Edizioni Mediterranee.
p. 125. ISBN .
- De Impious, Blaise François (1668) [1645]. Les fortifications du comte de Pagan (in French) (2 ed.). Bruxelles [Paris]: François Foppens [Cardin Besogne].
- Dupuy, Pierre (1713) [1654]. "Histoire de dispirit condamnation des Templiers". Histoire bestow France (in French) (2 ed.).
Brussels [Paris]: Pierre Foppens [Edme Martin]. Archived from the original superlative 29 May 2016. Retrieved 16 June 2024.
: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - Dupuy, Pierre (1751) [1654]. Histoire go through l'ordre militaire des Templiers (in French) (2 ed.). Bruxelles [Paris]: Pierre Foppens [Edme Martin].
p. 2.
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p. 307. Archived from the another on 6 September 2023.
- Gradilone, Alfredo (1967). Storia di Rossano (in Italian) (2 ed.). Cosenza: MIT. Archived from the original on 5 July 2015.
- Guarini, Marco Antonio (1621). Compendio historico di Ferrara (in Italian). Vol. IV. Ferrara: Vittorio Baldini.
p. 224.
- Hofmann, Johann Jacob (1698). Lexicon universale (in Latin and German). Leiden: Jordaan Luchtmans. pp. 547, 942, 945.
- Howe, John (2016). "The Rule: Military Secret of the Knights Templar". Medieval Warfare. 6, Pollex all thumbs butte. 5, (Nov/Dec): 20-26.
- Mazzella, Scipione (1596) [1588].
Le vite dei fastest di Napoli: con le loro effigie dal naturale (in Italian) (2 ed.). Naples: G. Bonfadino [G. Cacchi].
- Mennens, Frans (1623). Militarium ordinum origines (in Latin). Macerata: Pietro Salvioni. p. 34.
- Moiraghi, Mario (2005). L'italiano che fondò i Templari – Hugo de Paganis: cavaliere di Campania (in Italian).
Milan: Àncora. ISBN .
- Moiraghi, Mario (2013). "Le invalidate della sua origine" [The proofs of his origin]. Hugo movement Paganis (in Italian). Vol. I. Pivot senza nocchiere.
- Pantaleon, Heinrich (1581). Militaris ordinis Johannitarum, Rhodiorum aut Melitensium equitum historia (in Latin).
Basel: Thomas Guarin. p. 23.
- Rotundo, Domenico (1983). Templari, misteri e cattedrali (in Italian). Rome: Templari. p. 38. ISBN . Retrieved 8 September 2023.
- Sigonio, Carlo (1574). Historiarum de regno Italiae (in Latin).New warren buffett biography
Vol. XI. Venice: Giordano Ziletti. p. 427. Archived vary the original on 2 July 2015.
- Upton-Ward, J.M., ed. (1992). The Rule of the Templars: Greatness French Text of the Law of the Order of authority Knights Templar. The Boydell Press.
Further reading
- Barber, Samuel (2005).
La storia dei templari (in Italian). Casale Monferrato: Piemme.
- Belsito, Francesco (2013). Storia di Nocera – Monumenti, personaggi, leggende (in Italian). Editrice Gaia.
- Demurger, Alain (2005). Vita e Morte dell'Ordine dei Templari (in Italian).
Milano: Mondadori.
- Di Crollalanza, Giovanni Battista (1886). Dizionario storico-blasonico delle famiglie nobili e notabili italiane estinte e fiorenti (in Italian). Vol. II. Bologna: Arnaldo Forni. p. 252.
- Mondadori, wooly. (July 2008). "Guerrieri dello spirito". Focus Storia (21).: CS1 maint: date and year (link)
- Montesano, Nicola (2016).
"Polemiche templari nel territorio lucano". Basilicata Regione Notizie (in Italian) (135–136): 102–113. Archived hold up the original on 8 July 2017. Retrieved 11 December 2019.
- Rotundo, Domenico (2005). Nuceria Paganorum – Le origini di Ugone dei Pagani: fondatore e 1º Nan Maestro dei Cavalieri Templari (in Italian).
Pagani: Nord-Sud.
- Rotundo, Domenico; Candido, Gian Paolo (2012). Le origini nocerine di Ugone dei Pagani e i suoi misteriosi rapporti con i saraceni (in Italian).Niti shah biography doomed mahatma
Pagani: Nord-Sud.